Primary level

Grammar and Structures	What are they used for?	Some examples
VERBS
There is/ there are	identifying something/someone	There is a book on the table There are four girls in the kitchen.
Present simple	Talking about habits, routines, facts (such as where a person lives), the actions of everyday life.	My uncle lives in a small house. She is thirteen years old. I always take the bus to school.
The present simple with the verb ‘like’ + ‘ing’ in the third person singular and plural	Describing what people or animals like doing	My cat likes sleeping in the garden. My bothers like playing football in the park.
Present continuous	Talking about present actions.	My brothers are playing football in the park at the moment.
Interrogative forms of the above two tenses.	Asking and answering questions about the above.	Do they often go to the cinema? Do you have/ Have you got a computer?* Are the children doing their homework? Is she eating her breakfast at the moment?
Negative forms of the above two tenses.	Making the above negative.	Sue doesn’t like dogs.* John isn’t studying now, he is talking on the phone.
The modal ‘can’.	describing an ability or skill.	He can play the guitar. They can cook.
PRONOUNS
All personal pronouns as subject or object - I, you, he, she, it, we, they, me, you, him, her, it, us, them.	Describing and identifying people, animals and objects.	Do you want my father? He is in the garden. John is with him.
Demonstrative pronouns – this, these, that, those.	Asking for, and giving information.	These are tables. That family is rich. Is this a kettle?
CONJUNCTIONS
because, and, or	Linking sentence parts and ideas	John and Mary are in the garden because it is sunny.
INTERROGATIVE WORDS
what, who, where, when, why	Asking questions about people, animals and objects.	What is this? Who is that girl? Where are Peter and Paul?
ADVERBS
Adverbs of time – today, now, at the moment Adverbs of frequency – always, never, sometimes, often, usually, every day, every week, every month,	Describing when and how often someone does something or something happens. Discriminating between the present continuous and the present simple.	I usually eat an egg for breakfast. At the moment, John is playing in the park.
PREPOSITIONS
in, on, at, to	talking about time, place, position	The examination finishes at 4pm. My brother is 10 years old in August. I am going to Disney World on 1^st August.
TIME EXPRESSIONS
10.15 = ten fifteen or (a) quarter past ten.	telling the time	ten fifteen, twenty past one, half past ten, a quarter to two, eleven forty-five, etc.
NOUNS
singular/plural simple nouns, including some common irregular ones. Countable and uncountable nouns. The names of common shapes.	talking about numbers of things Talking about amounts and quantities. Describing the shape of something.	eg book-books, box-boxes man-men, woman-women, child-children, party - parties Can I have the butter? Can I have two sweets? This is a square. That is a circle.

Animals

What, When, Why, Where, Who